基于多项Logit模型的牧户生计资本对生计策略选择影响的实证研究

为探究牧户生计资本对生计策略影响,识别牧户生计策略转化的关键生计资本和生计资本指标,以便引导牧民调整生计结构,提高草原治理能力。以内蒙古自治区5种草原类型15个旗（县）848户牧户为样本,运用熵值法评估牧户生计资本,建立多项Logit回归模型,识别影响牧户生计策略转化的关键生计资本。研究区牧户生计资本值为1.428;4类生计策略牧户生计资本存量为纯牧性>牧兼性>兼牧性>非牧性,P< 0.01;5种草原类型牧户生计资本存量为草甸草原>典型草原>荒漠草原>沙地草原>草原化荒漠,P<0.01。牧户以牧业收入和政府转移收入为主,纯牧性生计策略为首选的策略;金融资本存量是影响生计策略转化的关键生计资本,对牧户由纯牧性向牧兼性、兼牧性和非牧性生计策略转化均具有显著负向影响。牧户家庭承包草地资源、使用草地资源和家庭总收入是影响生计策略转化的关键生计资本指标。     

《机械制图》融合式教学模式在疫情下的实践1

面对突如其来的疫情，教师们主动担当、积极作为，“停课不停学”。应对疫情，学生学习环境复杂，必须认真思考，对课程进行教学改革势在必行。机械制图课程组研究分析了目前教学实情，在教学模式、教学方法和课程组织等进行一系列改革实践，将融合式教学模式应用于《机械制图》教学与助学，结合课程特点，应用网络线上教学模式，开展居家学习，实现课堂内外的融合，网络线上线下教学的融合。提高了学生自主学习，激发了学生积极思维和参与教学活动，教学效率和教学质量都取得了较好的效果。     

疫情下“生物分离工程”课程教学模式思考

生物分离工程是生物工程、食品工程、酿酒工程等多个专业的必修课；为保质保量的完成教学任务和人才培养目标,从课程教学实施、存在问题、改革建议等方面思考了新冠肺炎疫情下,课程线上授课模式。     

Training Mode of Applied Talents in Urban and Rural Planning Major

Facing the development and change of contemporary urban and rural planning discipline and social talent demand,it is imperative to develop the talent training of urban and rural planning major.Based on the teaching platform,this study constructed a perfect talent training mode,implemented modular teaching,took the occupation as the guidance,carried out the application-oriented talent training,and delivered high-quality professionals to the society.     

盆栽和池栽对普通白菜镉累积差异性研究

以不同基因型的普通白菜为试材，研究盆栽和池栽两种栽培方式下土壤中Cd 浓度对普通白菜Cd 累积的影响。结果表明：两种栽培模式下普通白菜的Cd 累积量均随着土壤Cd 浓度的增加而增加，但品种间差异明显；盆栽普通白菜的Cd累积量总体上高于池栽，在土壤Cd 浓度为1.08 mg·kg-1 时盆栽普通白菜Cd 累积量均值为115.08 μg·kg^-1，而池栽仅为64.57μg·kg^-1。     

Looking back on development and disaster‐related displacement and resettlement,anticipating climate‐related displacement in the Asia Pacific region

The realisation that climate change might necessitate resettlement of people displaced initially raised interest in the experience of development‐forced displacement and resettlement (DFDR). Looking back, in 1980 the first international policy on involuntary resettlement was approved to address perceived weaknesses in state property and expropriation law to safeguard people in the way of development projects. Since then international policy and praxis have brought global attention to developmentally displaced people but have not guaranteed them an effective safeguard. Recently, renewed attention has focussed on state legal and governance frameworks substantively and procedurally. Identifying four key policy objectives that resonate with climate change displacement I analyse their treatment in a data base of DFDR laws and regulations from 40 Asia Pacific states. This analysis finds overall little legal congruence. Innovative new formulations in some Asian state laws address recent public criticisms and research findings, but mostly are yet to demonstrate positive outcomes for displaced people. Pacific states increasingly abandon expropriation law to negotiate lease terms for public infrastructure projects with customary landowners that do not extinguish customary title. Any laws governing climate change relocations must protect rights, livelihoods, well‐being, inclusive decision‐making and community initiatives with procedures whilst not relinquishing climate‐change‐reducing action.     

三种水稻栽培模式对主要害虫种群发生动态的影响

轻简化和机械化是现代农业发展的趋势。本文于2 0 1 3 —2 0 1 5 年连续进行了常规人工栽插、机械直播、机械栽插等3种栽培模式对水稻主要害虫种群发生动态的影响研究,旨在为农业轻简、机械化模式的进一步推广提供依据。结果表明,3种栽培模式对稻飞虱、稻纵卷叶螟种群发生的影响差异不明显。比较3 种栽培模式下的水稻螟虫(二化螟为主, 大螟较少) 发生和为害可知,机械直播田的螟虫前期株为害率较高,且后期仍维持较高的为害率,明显高于人工栽插和机械插秧田(p<0.05)。分析原因,很可能是机械直播水稻暴露在大田的时间要稍长于栽插模式(机械插秧和人工栽插),有利于二化螟的提前入田为害。因此在推广机械直播时,应考虑调整播期,尽可能地避开或减少螟虫为害。     

主要淡水水产品在养殖模式转换过程中营养品质的形成机制研究进展

随着生活水平的提高人们越来越重视膳食品质,鲈鱼、乌鳢、鳜鱼等几种肉食性鱼类因其较高的营养价值而备受关注。目前,这几种经济鱼类正处在从传统池塘养殖向池塘工程化养殖和从饲喂冰鲜饵料向投喂人工配合饲料养殖模式转变的过程中。本文通过已有研究总结了这几种主要淡水水产品的养殖现状及具体评价营养价值的指标,并对其养殖模式转换过程中的营养价值可能出现的变化进行了综述。讨论总结后发现,投喂人工配合饲料养殖的鲈鱼、鳜鱼等经济鱼类营养价值特别是蛋白质品质低于投喂冰鲜饵料的。而池塘循环水养殖这种新型的养殖模式对这几种肉食性鱼类营养价值的影响尚不明确。但从目前已有研究来看,池塘循环水养殖能够有效改善水质,并在一定程度上限制了有害物质积累。所以这种新型养殖模式对这几种经济鱼类食用品质有积极的影响。本文通过对主要淡水水产品在养殖模式转换过程中营养价值形成机制进行综述,为推行绿色健康可持续的新型养殖模式提供了理论依据。     

校院两级管理模式下地方农业高校教科研指标体系构建探索与对策研究

校院两级管理是高等院校内部管理体制改革创新的必然趋势,对高等院校盘活存量、激活增量具有重要作用。文章系统梳理了国内外高等院校内部管理体制改革和校院两级管理模式以及教科研指标体系的差异和特征,着重聚焦当前地方农业高校教科研指标体系构建中存在的问题,探析地方农业高校校院两级管理教科研指标体系构建的关键因素和环节,提出了“核心+特色”校院两级指标设置和“个人+团队”教师考核评价方式的两项对策,以期为地方农业高校校院两级管理教科研指标考核和评价提供借鉴和参考。     

Research of dissolved oxygen prediction in recirculating aquaculture systems based on deep belief network

Recirculating aquaculture has received more and more attention because of its high efficiency of treatment and recycling of aquaculture wastewater. The content of dissolved oxygen is an important indicator of control in recirculating aquaculture, its content and dynamic changes have great impact on the healthy growth of fish. However, changes of dissolved oxygen content are affected by many factors, and there is an obvious time lag between control regulation and effects of dissolved oxygen. To ensure the aquaculture production safety, it is necessary to predict the dissolved oxygen content in advance. The prediction model based on deep belief network has been proposed in this paper to realize the dissolved oxygen content prediction. A variational mode decomposition (VMD) data processing method has been adopted to evaluate the original data space, it takes the data which has been decomposed by the VMD as the input of deep belief network (DBN) to realize the prediction. The VMD method can effectively separate and denoise the raw data, highlight the relations among data features, and effectively improve the quality of the neural network input. The proposed model can quickly and accurately predict the dissolved oxygen content in time series, and the prediction performance meets the needs of actual production. When compared with bagging, AdaBoost, decision tree and convolutional neural network, the VMD-DBN model produces higher prediction accuracy and stability.